Cusco, the ancient capital of the Inca Empire, is a city that captivates every traveler with its rich history, vibrant culture, and stunning Andean landscapes. From its cobblestone streets and colonial architecture to its proximity to Machu Picchu and the Sacred Valley, there’s so much to see and do. To help you make the most of your adventure, here are some essential tips for visiting Cusco.

1. Acclimatize to the Altitude

This is arguably the most crucial tip for any visitor to Cusco. Located at approximately 3,400 meters (11,155 feet) above sea level, Cusco’s high altitude can affect even the fittest individuals.

• Take it Easy on Arrival: Plan to spend your first day or two taking it easy. Avoid strenuous activities, heavy meals, and alcohol.
• Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water (bottled or purified) throughout your stay.
• Coca Tea: Many hotels offer coca tea, a traditional remedy that can help alleviate mild altitude sickness symptoms. Chewing coca leaves is also common.
• Consult Your Doctor: If you have concerns, speak to your doctor about altitude sickness medication before your trip.

2. Pack Smart: Layers Are Your Best Friend

Cusco’s weather can be unpredictable, with sunny days often followed by chilly evenings or sudden rain showers. Layering your clothing is key.

• Daytime: Even when sunny, mornings can be cool. Pack light, breathable layers for walking around.
• Evenings: Temperatures drop significantly after sunset, so bring a warm fleece or sweater, and a good jacket.
• Rain Gear: Always carry a lightweight waterproof jacket or a compact umbrella, especially during the wet season (November to April), but even in the dry season, unexpected showers can occur.
• Comfortable Shoes: You’ll be doing a lot of walking on uneven, cobblestone streets. Comfortable, supportive walking shoes are essential.

3. Explore the City on Foot

Cusco’s charm lies in its intricate streets and hidden corners. The best way to experience it is by walking.

• Plaza de Armas: Start your exploration here, soaking in the atmosphere and admiring the Cusco Cathedral and the Church of the Company of Jesus.
• San Blas Neighborhood: Wander through the narrow, artistic streets of San Blas. Discover artisan workshops, quaint cafes, and enjoy panoramic views of the city.
• Local Markets: Visit San Pedro Market for a sensory overload of local produce, crafts, and food stalls. It’s a great place to experience daily life.
• Museums and Churches: Delve into Cusco’s history by visiting sites like Qorikancha (Temple of the Sun), the Inca Museum, or the Pre-Columbian Art Museum (MAP).

4. Book Tours and Tickets in Advance

Especially if you’re visiting during the high season (June to August), popular attractions and transport fill up quickly.

• Machu Picchu: If you plan to visit Machu Picchu, book your entrance tickets and train tickets several months in advance.
• Sacred Valley Tours: Consider booking a guided tour for the Sacred Valley to cover multiple sites efficiently.
• Alternative Treks: For treks like the Inca Trail, Salkantay, or Lares, book well in advance as permits are limited.

5. Stay Safe and Aware

Cusco is generally a safe city for tourists, but it’s always wise to take precautions.

• Watch Your Belongings: Be mindful of pickpockets in crowded areas like markets and bus terminals.
• Use Reputable Taxis: Ask your hotel or restaurant to call a taxi, or use official taxi stands. Agree on the fare before starting your journey.
• Avoid Walking Alone at Night: Especially in less crowded or dimly lit areas.
• Stay Hydrated and Eat Well: Taking care of your health will help you enjoy your trip more. Be cautious with street food unless it’s busy and looks freshly prepared.

6. Embrace the Local Culture and Cuisine

Cusco offers a rich cultural experience and delicious food.

• Try Local Dishes: Don’t leave without tasting local specialties like Lomo Saltado, Cuy Chactado (fried guinea pig, if you’re adventurous), Aji de Gallina, and refreshing Chicha Morada.
• Learn Basic Spanish: Even a few key phrases will enhance your interactions with locals. “Hola,” “Gracias,” “Por favor,” and “Cuánto cuesta?” go a long way.
• Respect Local Customs: Be mindful of local traditions and customs, especially when visiting religious sites or indigenous communities.

7. Budget Wisely

While Peru can be affordable, costs in Cusco can vary.

• Accommodation: Options range from budget hostels to luxury hotels.
• Food: Local markets and smaller restaurants (known as menús) offer very affordable and delicious meals, while tourist-oriented restaurants can be more expensive.
• Tours and Entrance Fees: Factor in the cost of various tours and entrance tickets to archaeological sites (e.g., the Cusco Tourist Ticket, or Boleto Turístico, can save you money if you plan to visit multiple sites).

Visiting Cusco is an enriching experience that combines adventure, history, and culture. By following these tips, you’ll be well-prepared for an unforgettable journey to the heart of the Inca Empire.

What are you most excited to see or do in Cusco? Share your thoughts in the comments below!