Cusco, located in the Andes Mountains, has a varied climate due to its high altitude and geographical location. The weather is generally divided into two main seasons: dry and rainy. Understanding the weather patterns can help you plan your visit and prepare for the conditions you’ll encounter.

Dry Season (April to October)

Temperatures

During the dry season, daytime temperatures range from 50°F to 68°F (10°C to 20°C). Nights are colder, with temperatures dropping to 32°F to 41°F (0°C to 5°C). The weather is mostly sunny, with clear skies and minimal rainfall, making it ideal for outdoor activities.

Altitude Considerations

Cusco sits at 11,152 feet (3,399 meters) above sea level. The dry season is the best time for trekking, but the high altitude can still cause issues like shortness of breath or headaches. Spend a few days acclimatizing before engaging in strenuous activities.

Rainy Season (November to March)

Temperatures

The rainy season brings warmer daytime temperatures, ranging from 55°F to 70°F (13°C to 21°C). Nights are milder, with temperatures between 41°F and 50°F (5°C to 10°C). However, frequent rain showers and cloudy skies are common, especially in January and February.

Rainfall Patterns

Rainfall is heaviest in January and February, with an average of 15 rainy days per month. Trails can become muddy and slippery, making trekking more challenging. Always check the weather forecast and be prepared for sudden changes in conditions.

Monthly Weather Breakdown

April to June

These months mark the start of the dry season. Days are sunny, and nights are cold. This is a popular time for trekking and visiting Machu Picchu, so book accommodations and permits in advance.

July to September

Peak tourist season due to the best weather conditions. Daytime temperatures are comfortable, but nights can be freezing. Crowds are larger, and prices for tours and accommodations are higher.

October to December

The transition period from dry to rainy season. October is still relatively dry, but November sees the start of occasional rain showers. Temperatures remain mild, making it a good time for cultural tours and city exploration.

January to March

The wettest months, with frequent rain and cloudy skies. Trekking is more challenging, but the landscapes are lush and green. Fewer tourists mean lower prices and quieter attractions.

Tips for Dressing According to the Weather

Dry Season

• Daytime: Light layers like long-sleeve shirts and pants.
• Nighttime: Warm layers, including a fleece or down jacket, hat, and gloves.
• Footwear: Sturdy hiking boots for trekking and comfortable shoes for city exploration.

Rainy Season

• Daytime: Waterproof jacket, moisture-wicking base layers, and quick-dry pants.
• Nighttime: Warm layers and a waterproof outer shell.
• Footwear: Waterproof hiking boots with good traction for muddy trails.

Restrictions and Considerations

Inca Trail Closure

The Inca Trail is closed for maintenance every February. If you plan to visit during this month, consider alternative treks like the Salkantay or Lares routes. Always check trail conditions and book permits in advance.

Altitude Sickness

Cusco’s high altitude can affect visitors, especially during the dry season when physical activity is more common. Symptoms include headaches, nausea, and fatigue. Acclimatize for at least two days before engaging in strenuous activities.

Physical Preparation

Acclimatization

Spend the first two days in Cusco resting and staying hydrated. Avoid alcohol and heavy meals. Gradually increase your activity level to help your body adjust to the altitude.

Fitness Level

Trekking in Cusco requires a good level of fitness, especially during the dry season when trails are busier. Incorporate cardio, strength training, and hiking into your routine before your trip.

Health Recommendations

Altitude Sickness Prevention

To prevent altitude sickness, ascend slowly, stay hydrated, and avoid overexertion. Consult your doctor about medications like acetazolamide if you’re prone to altitude-related issues.

Food and Water Safety

Drink only bottled or purified water. Avoid raw fruits and vegetables unless they can be peeled. Stick to cooked meals to minimize the risk of foodborne illnesses.

Cusco’s weather varies significantly throughout the year, with distinct dry and rainy seasons. By understanding these patterns and preparing accordingly, you can make the most of your visit. Whether you’re trekking, exploring ruins, or enjoying the city, proper planning ensures a safe and enjoyable experience.